Eismann EA, Laor T, Cornwall R. Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Glenohumeral Dysplasia in Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016 Jan 20;98(2):142-51.
Existing quantitative measurements of glenohumeral dysplasia in children with unresolved neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) have been mostly limited to the axial plane. This study described the three-dimensional (3D) pathoanatomy of glenohumeral dysplasia using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reformations. Results showed clinical staff should not consider a simple "dislocation" with posterior humeral head displacement in NBPP, and glenohumeral dysplasia is not limited to the axial plane. Abnormal glenoid declination may have potential implications for the evaluation and treatment of shoulder weakness and contractures.
Schneider DK, Grawe B, Magnussen RA, Ceasar A, Parikh SN, Wall EJ, Colosimo AJ, Kaeding DD, Myer GD. Outcomes After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for the Treatment of Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2016 Feb 12. Epub ahead of print.
Recent treatment trends for patients with recurrent patellar dislocations who fail initial non-operative management reflect a decrease in the use of long-term non-operative treatment, and an increase in surgical intervention (generally medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction). This study evaluated outcomes, particularly return to sports and its relationship to postoperative instability, of isolated MPFL reconstruction for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocations. Results indicated a high percentage of young patients return to sports after isolated MPFL reconstruction for chronic patellar instability, with short-term results demonstrating a low incidence of recurrent instability, postoperative apprehension, and reoperations.
Büchler L, Schwab JM, Whitlock PW, Beck M, Tannast M. Intraoperative Evaluation of Acetabular Morphology in Hip Arthroscopy Comparing Standard Radiography Versus Fluoroscopy: A Cadaver Study. Arthroscopy. 2016 Jun;32(6):1030-7.
This study compared quantitative measurements of acetabular morphology obtained using intraoperative fluoroscopy, to standardized anteroposterior (AP) pelvis radiographs. Results showed that values for the LCE angle and AI determined by hip-centered fluoroscopy did not differ from those obtained by standardized AP plain film radiography. However, fluoroscopy leads to a more anteverted projection of the acetabulum with significantly decreased total anterior coverage, significantly increased total posterior coverage, and underestimated signs of retroversion compared with standardized AP pelvis radiography.
Schaffzin JK, Mangeot C, Sucharew H, Beck AF, Sturm PF. Factors Affecting Adherence to a Preoperative Surgical Site Infection Prevention Protocol. Infect Control Hosp Epidermiol. 2016 Jun;37(6):728-30.
Surgical site infection (SSI) prevention protocols include preoperative patient and family actions, however, factors that contribute positively or negatively to task execution are unknown. Assuming that nonadherence contributes to higher SSI rates, identifying and addressing such factors is a priority. This study identified factors significant for an increased risk of protocol nonadherence. These factors included the patient having any previous spinal surgery, fewer months since protocol initiation, and poverty. To identify models of care that facilitates adherence to SSI prevention protocols among all patients will require further study.
Agabegi SS, Kazemi N, Sturm PF, Mehlman CT. Natural History of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Skeletally Mature Patients: A Critical Review. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015 Dec;23(12):714-23.
This study assessed the natural progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in skeletally mature patients, as well as, accepted beliefs on anticipated curve progression and treatment indications. Most authors agree to consider surgical treatment in skeletally mature patients with curves > 50° because of the risk of progression into adulthood. This perceived risk of progression is largely based on the Iowa studies, however, the level of evidence for this is relatively weak, and the existing literature is equivocal in supporting the practice of performing surgery on these patients.